even dan odd rules di css


STATUS
Warning: at the time of writing (February 2003), the major browsers don't yet support the 'nth-child' selector (introduced in November 2001) and only very few support the COL element.

EVEN AND ODD RULES
One way to improve the readability of large tables is to color alternating rows. For example, the table below has a light gray background for the even rows and white for the odd ones. The rules for that are extremely simple:

tr:nth-child(even) {background: #CCC}
tr:nth-child(odd) {background: #FFF}

Month'94'95'96'97'98'99'00'01'02
Jan141314131411111111
Feb131512151512141313
Mar161514171615141515
Apr171617171715151616
May212020212220212019
Jun242325242523252324
Jul292826262726252625
Aug292827282827262826
Sep242323262424242221
Oct2022202220192022
Nov1817161716151415
Dec1513131413101311
In fact, CSS allows not only allow even/odd alternations, but arbitrary intervals. The keywords 'even' and 'odd' are just convenient shorthands. For example, for a long list you could do this:

li:nth-child(5n+3) {font-weight: bold}
This says that every 5th list item is bold, starting with the 3rd one. In other words, the items numbered 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, etc., will be bold.

EVEN AND ODD COLUMNS
The same works for table columns, too, but then there has to be an element in the document that corresponds to the column. HTML provides COL for that. The table has to start with one COL for every column:

<table>
<col><col><col><col><col><col><col><col><col><col>
<tr><th>Month<th>1994<th>1995<th>1996...
(COL can be used for other things than style, but in this case all we need is that the COL elements are present.) The following rules give the first column a yellow background, and then every other column starting from column 3 a gray one:

col:first-child {background: #FF0}
col:nth-child(2n+3) {background: #CCC}
Month '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02
Jan 14 13 14 13 14 11 11 11 11
Feb 13 15 12 15 15 12 14 13 13
Mar 16 15 14 17 16 15 14 15 15
Apr 17 16 17 17 17 15 15 16 16
May 21 20 20 21 22 20 21 20 19
Jun 24 23 25 24 25 23 25 23 24
Jul 29 28 26 26 27 26 25 26 25
Aug 29 28 27 28 28 27 26 28 26
Sep 24 23 23 26 24 24 24 22 21
Oct 20 22 20 22 20 19 20 22
Nov 18 17 16 17 16 15 14 15
Dec 15 13 13 14 13 10 13 11
The background of rows (TR) is drawn in front of the background of columns (COL), so if you want to be sure that the background of the columns is visible, you should not set a background on the rows.

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